Linux笔记—软件包管理

飞熊 • 2023年8月2日下午1:23 • 技术随笔 • 阅读 142

文件CentOS-Base.repo–更改yum源的文件

对文件CentOS-Base.repo的解读

在编译前准备时出现问题（依赖问题）的解决办法

Linux’中软件安装包

软件包的分类

源码包

二进制包

源码包

源码包概述：

源码包的优缺点

二进制包-二进制包分类

不同Linux版本，二进制包格式不相同

RPM包优缺点

RPM安装时的依赖性— 致命缺点

RPM包的安装

rpm包的命名规则

Rpm手工安装

对于rpm依赖关系的解决办法

以上解决办法在实际操作中还是很繁琐，所以一般使用以下办法

rpm包安装时安装路径

RPM命令

RPM包升级命令

RPM包卸载命令

（一般卸载使用此命令而不使用yum的卸载命令，因为有可能产生文件垃圾）

yum安装–RPM包在线安装

Yum源配置文件解析

文件/etc/yum.repos.d

文件CentOS-Base.repo–更改yum源的文件

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cat CentOS-Base.repo                                                               
# CentOS-Base.repo                                                                                               
#                                                                                                                
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the                                         
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and                                           
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates                                    
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.                                                                 
#                                                                                                                
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the                                       
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.                                                                            
#                                                                                                                
#                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                 
[base]                                                                                                           
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base                                                                                   
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os&infra=$infra                 
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/                                               
gpgcheck=1                                                                                                       
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7                                                              
                                                                                                                 
#released updates                                                                                                
[updates]                                                                                                        
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates                                                                                
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates&infra=$infra            
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/                                          
gpgcheck=1                                                                                                       
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7                                                              
                                                                                                                 
#additional packages that may be useful                                                                          
[extras]                                                                                                         
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras                                                                                 
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras&infra=$infra             
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/                                           
gpgcheck=1                                                                                                       
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7                                                              
                                                                                                                 
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages                                              
[centosplus]                                                                                                     
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus                                                                                   
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus&infra=$infra         
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/                                       
gpgcheck=1                                                                                                       
enabled=0                                                                                                        
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7