【django】自定义中间件

飞熊 • 2023年3月5日上午10:30 • Python • 阅读 374

一. ⾃定义中间件

1、Django中的中间件是⼀个轻量级、底层的插件系统，可以介⼊Django的请求和响应处理过程，修改Django的输⼊或输出。中间件的设计为开发者提供了⼀种⽆侵⼊式的开发⽅式，增强了Django框架的健壮性。
2、我们可以使⽤中间件，在Django处理视图的不同阶段对输⼊或输出进⾏⼲预。

二. 实现步骤

1、项⽬根⽬录下创建python package
2、⾃定义⼀个python⽂件

from django.utils.deprecation import MiddlewareMixin

from django.utils.deprecation import MiddlewareMixin

class MyMiddle1(MiddlewareMixin):
    def process_request(self,request):
        print('处理请求中间件1')

    def process_response(self,request,response):
        print('处理响应中间件1')
        return response

class MyMiddle2(MiddlewareMixin):
    def process_request(self, request):
        print('处理请求中间件2')

    def process_response(self, request, response):
        print('处理响应中间件2')
        return response

class MyMiddle3(MiddlewareMixin):
    def process_request(self, request):
        print('处理请求中间件3')

    def process_response(self, request, response):
        print('处理响应中间件3')
        return response

3. settings⽂件中配置⾃定义中间件

4. 配置URL

urlpatterns = [
    path('register/',views.UserView.as_view()),
]

5. 创建视图

class UserView(View):
    def get(self,request):
        return HttpResponse('get请求')
    def post(self,request):
        return HttpResponse('post请求')
    def put(self,request):
        return HttpResponse('put请求')
    def patch(self,request):
        return HttpResponse('patch请求')
    def delete(self,request):
        return HttpResponse('delete请求')

6. 浏览器访问
http://127.0.0.1:8000/film/register/
7. 运⾏结果

三.多个中间件的执⾏顺序

1、在请求视图被处理前，中间件由上⾄下依次执⾏
2、在请求视图被处理后，中间件由下⾄上依次执⾏

四.其他内容

1、在每个中间件中添加以下代码：

from django.utils.deprecation import MiddlewareMixin

class MyMiddle1(MiddlewareMixin):
    def process_request(self,request):
        print('处理请求中间件1')

    def process_response(self,request,response):
        print('处理响应中间件1')
        return response

    def process_view(self, request, callback, callback_args, callback_kwargs):
        print('process_view-1')
        return None


class MyMiddle2(MiddlewareMixin):
    def process_request(self, request):
        print('处理请求中间件2')

    def process_response(self, request, response):
        print('处理响应中间件2')
        return response

    def process_view(self, request, callback, callback_args, callback_kwargs):
        print('process_view-2')
        return None


class MyMiddle3(MiddlewareMixin):
    def process_request(self, request):
        print('处理请求中间件3')

    def process_response(self, request, response):
        print('处理响应中间件3')
        return response

    def process_view(self, request, callback, callback_args, callback_kwargs):
        print('process_view-3')
        return None